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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication Medications are a great way to treat anxiety-related symptoms. Psychiatrists are trained in the use and prescription of medication. They can prescribe the correct medication to reduce the risk of side effects. The typical treatment for anxiety disorders is three-pronged and includes psychotherapy, exercise and medication. SSRIs are the first choice to treat anxiety, but they can take several weeks for them to be effective. SSRIs Most anxiety disorders can be treated with SSRIs. The latest SSRIs are less likely to trigger adverse effects than older tricyclics and monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants. Several SSRIs are FDA-approved for treating generalized anxiety disorder. These include fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paroxetine (aka Paxil), sertraline (aka Zoloft), and citalopram (aka Celexa). These medications can increase serotonin in the brain, and may also help to increase norepinephrine, or BDNF. They can be taken on their own or in conjunction with psychotherapy. SSRIs can have adverse effects, such as nausea and digestive issues, but these usually improve as the body gets used to the medication. The precise mechanism through which SSRIs help with anxiety is not understood fully. It is believed that SSRIs hinder serotonin reuptake by post-synaptic neuron and increase the concentration serotonin within the synaptic gaps. This increases the amount of signals that cross the synapse, and it also reduces anxiety symptoms. SSRIs can reduce anxiety and increase the frequency of panic attacks. They can also be employed to treat depression and other mental conditions which are often linked to anxiety disorders. They can be used in combination with psychotherapy or other types of cognitive behavior therapy, which could improve their effectiveness. SSRIs are not addictive, unlike other antidepressants. However, it is important to follow the prescription of your doctor. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it could cause “discontinuation” syndrome and anxiety symptoms to come back. If SSRIs are not suitable for you, your doctor could look into a different kind of antidepressants, such as mirtazapine or nefazodone. These medications are also very efficient, but they carry greater risk of adverse reactions than the more recent SSRIs. SSRIs may interact with certain food items such as dairy products, red meat, eggs as well as some fruits and vegetables. If you are taking these drugs it is a good idea to avoid these foods. In addition it is generally advised that you do not drink alcohol when taking SSRIs since it can increase the severity of some side effects. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines enhance the calming effects of certain chemicals in the brain and nervous system. They work by increasing the effects of the neurotransmitter, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) which is a chemical which inhibits nerve activity. These drugs are effective in treating anxiety disorders, insomnia and various psychological disorders. They can be addictive and should be used only for a short time under medical supervision. They can be harmful when used for recreational purposes, or mixed with alcohol or other substances. When people have anxiety disorders, they typically resort to medication as their first choice. However, this is not the only option. Psychotherapy or talk therapy has also been shown as an effective method to decrease anxiety symptoms. There are a variety of psychotherapies, however cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most popular and effective. This type of therapy teaches you to change your thinking and behavior in order to are less stressed. Alprazolam and chlordiazepoxide as well as diazep, clorazepate and quazepam are among the most commonly used benzodiazepines. They all have similar pharmacological properties, but each has its own distinct side effects characteristic. Clorazepate for instance, is more effective in treating seizure disorders compared to other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam, on other hand, is better in treating anxiety disorders as than the quazepam. Benzodiazepines are extremely effective, but they should not be used for long periods of time because they may cause physical dependence and tolerance. They can also trigger withdrawal symptoms, such as an increase in heart rate as well as sweating and shaking if you abruptly stop taking the medication. Symptoms can be very unpleasant and can last for a long time however, they can be reduced by slowly tapering off the medication. Benzodiazepines can be extremely addictive and should be used only for a brief period of time, usually not more than 4 weeks. You must monitor your heart rate, blood pressure and breathing throughout this time so you don't suffer an extremely severe reaction. If you're considering getting a prescription for benzodiazepine, consult your physician about your history of substance abuse. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a type of medication that is used to treat anxiety-related symptoms. These medications stop adrenaline from binding to beta receptors in your nervous system, preventing the hormone from triggering physical responses like heart palpitations and tremors. These drugs are typically prescribed to treat high blood-pressure and other cardiovascular ailments. However they can also be prescribed off-label to treat anxiety. If you are stressed, your body produces a chemical known as adrenaline, which signals the body to prepare for fight or flight. Adrenaline binds beta receptors found in the heart and brain which causes your heart to beat more quickly and triggering other physical reactions. Beta-blockers are class medications that treat hypertension and other heart-related conditions. They work by blocking adrenaline's binding actions. This assists in lowering your blood pressure and heart rate. Beta-blockers are quick to work, unlike SSRIs or benzodiazepines which can require a long time to show a difference in symptoms. They are an excellent choice for people who require immediate relief from anxiety symptoms. For example, those who have to give an address in public or travel in a plane. Additionally, they are an excellent choice for those who suffer from anxiety and an ongoing heart condition, such as atherosclerosis or congestive cardiac failure. Although beta-blockers are effective in alleviating physical symptoms of anxiety, they don't treat the root of the disorder. They are therefore only prescribed in conjunction with a comprehensive treatment plan that includes lifestyle modifications and counseling. However, they are a useful option for people who have tried other anti-anxiety medications but haven't found them to be effective or cause uncontrollable side effects. Propranolol, atenolol, as well as other beta-blockers are available. Your doctor will decide the best one for you according to your medical history and overall health. These medications can trigger negative side effects, including low blood pressure or fatigue and fatigue, so it is crucial to discuss your treatment options with your physician. MAOIs In the 1950s, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are effective antidepressants that can treat depression and anxiety disorder s. However, they are not utilized as often as SSRIs or other antidepressants due the requirement for strict dietary restrictions and the risk of drug interactions. Some MAOIs are taken by mouth in tablet form, while others (such as Emsam) come in the form of a transdermal patch applied to the skin each day. MAOIs block the actions of MAO and increase the amount of norepinephrine as well as serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters play a part in sleep, mood, and appetite, as in sexual function as well. MAOIs also have anti-anxiety properties. They are more likely than TCAs or SSRIs to trigger side effects and are accompanied by warnings regarding suicide. In addition to the MAOIs mentioned below, your doctor may prescribe other treatments or medications to help you manage your symptoms. For instance, a beta-blocker (such as propranolol) is often prescribed to ease the physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may also suggest an exercise routine or other treatments at home to ease your symptoms. The first MAOI, Iproniazid, was discovered during tuberculosis research in 1952. It was soon discovered to have mood-enhancing properties and is believed to be the first antidepressant medication. MAOIs should be used only after other antidepressants have failed since they can trigger serious side-effects that require immediate medical attention. It can cause a dangerous reaction resulting in high blood pressure if you take an MAOI while eating foods that contain tyramine. Tyramine is found in many cheeses and red meats as well as in fish, shellfish and a few dietary supplements. This severe reaction could cause a throbbing head pain nausea, vomiting, and a fast heartbeat. MAOIs may also interact with other medications and trigger extreme side effects, like suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Your doctor will discuss your diet requirements with you prior to prescribing MAOIs. He or she will tell you to avoid eating any food items that contain tyramine when you are taking the drug. He or she will also provide a list of foods that are safe to consume while on MAOIs. The food guide provided will help prevent MAOI-related side effects.